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عمومی::
تظاهرات بالینی
* Amplitude: Measured from peak to trough; often used subjectively to describe VF as fine (peak to trough 2 to 15 mm) Clinical Manifestations * Pulse disappears with onset of VF
* Narrow QRS and fast heart rate mostly caused by noncardiac etiology; wide QRS and slow heart rate mostly caused by cardiac etiology Clinical Manifestations * Collapse, unresponsiveness
* QRS complex: No deflections seen that are consistent with a QRS complex Clinical Manifestations * Collapse; unresponsiveness
* QRS complex: May be normal or wide if there is an underlying abnormality Clinical Manifestations * None specific for the tachycardia
Atrial Flutter Key: Flutter waves in classic "sawtooth" pattern * Creates variable baseline * Flutter waves in classic "sawtooth" pattern PR * Cannot be measured QRS * Remains <0.12 second unless QRS complex is distorted by fibrillation or flutter waves or by conduction defects through ventricles Clinical Manifestations * Signs and symptoms are a function of the rate of ventricular response to atrial fibrillation waves; "atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response" may be characterized by dyspnea on exertion, shortness of breath, and sometimes acute pulmonary edema.
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